Intelligent Optimization of CMOS Operational
Amplifier Using 3D Ant Colony Optimization
This paper presents the use of an artificial intel-
ligence (AI) tool based on ant colony behavior to design an op-
erational amplifier circuit. The ant colony optimization (ACO) is
implemented in a hybrid evolutionary sizing method to automate
analog circuit design. This new meta-heuristic approach that com-
bines the artificial intelligence of an ant colony and the 3D matrix
method is developed to determine the optimal dimensions and the
main influencing performances of fundamental analog circuits
and, including operational amplifiers (op-amps). The proposed
methodology uses ACO and Cadence Spectre as dimensioning
techniques and implementation platform, respectively. The Three
Dimensions (3D) ACO algorithm is successfully used for analog
circuit sizing, and the obtained results demonstrate its effective-
ness in sizing basic and more complicated analog circuits.